ICM 2026 Invited Section Lecture - Susanna Zimmermann

ICM 2026 Invited Section Lecture - Susanna Zimmermann

Formal & Physical Sciences Mathematics PBMathematics
🎙 Susanna Zimmermann 👥 61K 📅 October 5, 2026 ⏱ 32 min 👁 157 📄 science communication 🧭 2026-10-16
Available in: English (current) Français

Keywords

Birational mapsAlgebraic groupsRational varietiesCremona groupGroup actions

Summary

The lecture by Susanna Zimmermann at ICM 2026 focuses on algebraic groups acting via birational maps on algebraic varieties. She introduces fundamental concepts: birational maps as isomorphisms between dense open sets, and the group of birational self-maps (Cremona group for projective space). Examples include the standard Cremona involution and the circle involution by Apollonius. The talk defines algebraic groups and rational actions, highlighting the importance of faithful actions and the Zariski topology on birational maps. A key historical theorem by Weil (1950s) guarantees that a rational action of a connected algebraic group can be regularized on a birational model, later extended by Sumihiro for projectivity. The speaker discusses classification results: for P2 and P3, all connected algebraic subgroups are contained in maximal ones (Enriques, Umeimura). However, for non-rational surfaces, Fong showed a dichotomy. The main new result presented is that for dimension at least 5, there exist connected algebraic subgroups of the Cremona group not contained in any maximal one. The proof uses conic bundles over irrational rationally connected threefolds and a technique inspired by earlier examples of infinite chains. Open questions about dimension 4 and the rationality of certain threefold times P1 are mentioned.

195 words

Critical Evaluation

Value of the Information & Strength of the Argument

The talk provides substantial value by clarifying the state of the art in classifying algebraic subgroups of birational maps. The speaker builds intuition through concrete examples, then progresses to deep results, effectively explaining the motivation behind inclusions and maximality. The argumentation is rigorous: definitions are precise, and the main theorem is supported by a construction that leverages known results (Weil’s regularization, conic bundle theory) to create a contradiction to maximality. The logical flow is clear, and the proof idea is conveyed geometrically, making the advanced material accessible to an expert audience.

Scientific Rigor, Source Quality, Title Accuracy

The lecture demonstrates high scientific rigor: definitions and theorems are stated accurately, and historical attributions (Enriques, Weil, Fong, Umeimura, etc.) are appropriate. The quality of sources is strong, as it builds on established literature in birational geometry. However, no explicit URLs or paper references are provided in the video description, so external verification would require consulting the cited mathematicians’ works. The title exactly matches the content: it is an invited lecture on algebraic groups of birational maps, and the presentation stays focused on that topic throughout.

192 words

Title / Content Match

The title accurately describes the content: an ICM invited lecture on algebraic groups acting via birational maps.

Quality & Reliability

8/10

The talk is a mathematically rigorous presentation of research results in algebraic geometry, with clear definitions, examples, and historical context, delivered by an expert in the field.

Key Moments

Cited Sources

  • Weil's theorem on regularization of algebraic group actions — Classical result ensuring a birational model where the action becomes regular.
  • Enriques classification of birational self-maps on P2 — First known classification of connected algebraic subgroups of the Cremona group in dimension 2.
  • Fong's classification for surfaces — Fong proved that maximality holds only for rational surfaces for the property of being contained in a maximal subgroup.
  • Umeimura's classification for P3 — Classification of connected algebraic subgroups acting regularly on P3 up to inclusion and conjugation.

Contribution & Novelties

The lecture presents new results on the existence of connected algebraic subgroups of the Cremona group that are not contained in any maximal connected subgroup, at least in dimension 5 and above. This extends prior work by Fong and others from dimension 2 and 3, revealing a stark behavior difference between rational and non-rational varieties. The construction using conic bundles over irrational rationally connected threefolds is original and highlights the role of special sections and birational transformations in generating infinite non-saturable chains.

Pour aller plus loin :

  • Cremona group — Definition and basic properties of the group of birational self-maps of projective space.
  • Birational geometry — Overview of key concepts and literature in birational geometry.
  • Algebraic group — Formal definition and examples of algebraic groups, relevant to group actions on varieties.

131 words

Radar Profile

The radar profile indicates a highly technical and reliable talk, with strong scores in qualitative aspects and scientific rigor, but slightly lower in sheer volume of information given the focused scope. The balance between depth and precision is evident, making it a valuable contribution for specialists.

Reliability 8/10